Your tenant has stopped paying rent?

Act early, act correctly. Speak to Kestrel.

The short answer

Under the regime in force since 1 May 2026 there is no section 21 shortcut: possession for arrears runs on grounds and thresholds, with the mandatory ground needing at least three months of arrears and four weeks' notice. The landlords who do well move early: engage at the first missed month, paper everything, serve valid notices when thresholds are met, and pursue the money as well as the property.

The law, in plain English

The mandatory arrears ground requires at least three months of unpaid rent, broadly both at service of notice and at the hearing, with four weeks' notice. Discretionary grounds cover persistent late payment and lesser arrears, where the court weighs reasonableness. Tenants can defeat the mandatory ground by reducing arrears below the threshold before the hearing, which is why the money conversation and the legal track run together.

Procedure is unforgiving: a defective notice, wrong dates or unproved arithmetic restarts the clock. Deposit protection and compliance failures also bite. Self-help is criminal: no lock changes, no removing belongings, no pressure that shades into harassment; the route is notice, court order, bailiffs.

The rent itself is a debt with a six-year life. A money judgment can travel with the former tenant, guarantors can be pursued on their guarantee, and where the tenant receives housing support, direct payment arrangements can staunch the bleeding during the tenancy.

How it usually goes

1
Engage at the first miss

A same-week conversation and a written record. Payment plans recovered early beat possession claims a year later.

2
Build the arrears schedule

A clean ledger of due dates, payments and shortfalls. It is the core evidence for notice, hearing and money claim alike.

3
Serve the right notice at the right time

When the threshold is met, a valid section 8 notice on the correct grounds with four weeks' notice. Validity is checked before service, not after failure.

4
Possession and money together

Issue for possession and the arrears; enforce the judgment against tenant and any guarantor after the order.

Not sure where you stand?

Tell Kestrel what happened. Plain answers on the spot, any hour, and a booked call with a lawyer if you want one.

Speak to Kestrel now

What you'll need

Time limits

Deadlines matter here.

Rent arrears are claimable for six years. Possession timing is driven by the three-month threshold and four-week notice; premature notices waste months, so the schedule is watched and the notice served the day it is sound.

What it costs

Arrears strategy and valid notice from £240 + VAT · possession and money claim from £450 + VAT. Illustrative until our published tariff goes live.

Who handles this at Kestrel

This sits in our Property & tenancy practice. The machine builds the file; these lawyers do the law.

S
Shazia Ali

Solicitor · Co-Founder · Chief Executive Officer · Property & tenancy

Common questions

How much arrears before I can rely on the mandatory ground?

At least three months, broadly both when the notice is served and at the hearing, with four weeks' notice. Below that, discretionary grounds may still run, but the court weighs reasonableness, so the file must be clean.

The tenant pays a little just before each hearing.

That tactic targets the mandatory threshold. The answer is the persistent-arrears discretionary ground and a full payment history showing the pattern; courts see through cyclical token payments when the record is laid out.

There is a guarantor. When do I involve them?

Immediately. Notify them of arrears as they accrue, keep them copied on formal steps, and claim against them alongside the tenant. Guarantees are enforced on their wording, so the guarantee document gets read first.

Can I just change the locks once they are months behind?

No. That is criminal illegal eviction, with compensation flowing back to the tenant and your possession case poisoned. However bad the arrears, the only route is notice, order, bailiffs.

Related guides

Speak to Kestrel now.

Any hour. Plain answers, a fixed quote in writing, and a named solicitor by 9:00.

Speak to Kestrel